The Old Testament :: Religion Influence Religious Bible Essays

The Old Testament The Old Testament is a compilation, and same(p) every compilation it has a wide variety of contributors who, in turn, involve their individual influence upon the final work. It is no surprise, thus, that there exist certain parallels amongst the Enuma Elish, the cosmogony of the Babylonians, and the nurse of genesis, the first part of the Pentateuch section of the Bible. In fact, arguments may be made that other Near Eastern texts, particularly Sumerian, have had their influences in Biblical texts. The extent of this borrowing, as it were, is not limited to the Bible the Enuma Elish has its own roots in Sumerian mythology, predating the Enuma Elish by nearly a thousand years. A superficial examination of this evidence would erroneously lead one to believe that the Bible is somewhat a collection of older mythology re-scripted specifically for the Semites. In fact, what develops is that the writers have addressed each myth as a separate issue, and what the write rs say is that their God surpasses every other. Each myth or text that has a copy in the Bible only serves to further an important idea among the Hebrews there is but one God, and He is omnipotent, omniscient, and other-worldly He is not of this world, but outside it, obscure from it. The idea of a monotheistic religion is first evinced in recorded history with Judaism, and it is vital to see that instead of being an example of plagiarism, the Book of Genesis is a meticulously composed document that will set apart the Hebrew God from the others before, and after.To get a clear picture of the way the Book of Genesis may have been formed (because we can only guess with some degree of certainty), we must place in somewhere in time, and then define the cultures in that time. The influences, possible and probable, must be illustrated, and then we may draw our conclusions.If we trace back to the first appearance of the Bible in written form, in its earliest translation, we arrive at 444 B.C.. Two texts, components of the Pentateuch referred to as J and E texts, can be traced to around 650 B.C. Note that J refers to Yahweh (YHVH) texts, characterized by the use of the word Yahweh or Lord in accounts E refers to Elohist texts, which use, naturally, Elohim in its references to God.1 But 650 B.

Oedipus Rex †The Women Essay -- Oedipus the King Oedipus Rex

Oedipus Rex The Women Charles Segal in Oedipus Tyrannus Tragic chivalry and the Limits of Knowledge explains the protagonists concern for Jocastas burial in Sophocles Oedipus Rex Oedipus turns from his utter desolation and mortification to something of his old air of command, albeit in a chastened and softened tone. He asks Creon to expel him from Thebes as quickly as he can and gives orders for Jocastas burial (1446ff), a gesture of concern and responsibility characteristic of the Oedipus we saw in the opening scenes(73). Oedipus attitude toward Jocasta in death is it the same as in life? This adjudicate will answer the previous question and many other questions regarding women in Oedipus Rex. Michael J. OBrien in the Introduction to Twentieth Century Interpretations of Oedipus Rex, maintains that there is a wide deal of evidence to support this view that the fifth century playwright was the educator of his people and a teacher. Sophocles in his tragedy, Oedipus Rex, te aches about morally delectable attitudes and behavior (4), and uses three women to help convey these principles of living. At the outset of Oedipus Rex no female characters are present the reader sees a pansy who comes to the door encompassing of curiosity Explain your mood and purport. Is it dread /Of ill that moves you or a boon ye crave? When the priest has responded that the people are despairing from the effects of the plague, the king shows sympathy for his subjects Ye sicken all, well wot I, yet my pain, /How great soever yours, outtops it all. Thomas Van Nortwick in Oedipus The Meaning of a Masculine Life We see already the coercive self-confidence and ease of command in Oedipus. . ... ...s of the Antigone. In Sophocles A Collection of Critical Essays, edited by Thomas Woodard. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1966. Segal, Charles. Oedipus Tyrannus Tragic Heroism and the Limits of Knowledge. New York Twayne Publishers, 1993. Sophocles. Oedipus Rex. Transl. by F. Storr. no pag. http//etext.lib.virginia.edu/etcbin/browse-mixed new?tag=public&images=images/modeng&data=/texts/english/modeng/parsed&part=0&id=SopOedi Sophocles In Literature of the Western World, edited by Brian Wilkie and James Hurt. NewYork Macmillan Publishing Co., 1984. Van Nortwick, Thomas. Oedipus The Meaning of a Masculine Life. Norman, OK University of Oklahoma Press, 1998. Watling, E. F.. Introduction. In Sophocles The Theban Plays, translated by E. F. Watling. New York Penguin Books, 1974.

Natural Born Japanese Killers :: Exploratory Essays Research Papers

Natural Born lacquerese KillersAmericans and Japanese ar both fond of pointing out the difference in crime rates. To some(prenominal) Japanese, America is seen as an outlaw nation, bristling with guns. And for many Americans, the juxtaposition of Japans often ultra-violent entertainment with their low crime rate is fascinating. Japanese pop culture and crime statistics are often cited to defend American entertainment when it is accused of inspiring violence. But for anyone paying attention, startling crimes have a way of popping up in Japan unexpectedly. There were the Otaku Murders of 1988 and 1989, where Tsutomo Miyazaki kidnapped and killed four girls of around five years of age, reenacting gruesome scenes from his hentai collection. The serin gas attack in 1995 is another notable incident in the analogs of Japanese crime hi history. Perpetrated by the Aum Shinrikyo cult, almost a dozen people were killed during the terrorist attack.I asked a Japanese friend of mine once, Are on that point gangs in Japan? Ive since learned that Japan has a long history of gangs, including everything from high school motorcycle gangs to the Yakuza, but he shook his head. He said there were no gangs, but in Japan sometimes kids vertical go crazy. He told me the story of a boy who would kill people on the street, discretely, and then pelt in an alley to watch the ensuing action. He was eventually caught with the murder weapon near one of his crime scenes. This was several years ago, and I wrote the story off as an urban legend.Recently, however, there have been several articles published about teenage boys committing gory crimes in Japan. Over the last year there have been multiple incidents. A 65-year old woman in Aichi prefecture was murdered on May 1, 2000. On May 3, a boy in Saga prefecture hijacked a bus with a knife. He held a six-year-old girl hostage, killed one woman, and wounded five others. There have been more crimes, including knivings in peoples homes, baseb all bat bludgeonings and matricide, budgeonings with hammers, and, just two weeks ago, a 15-year-old boy on Kyushu crept into a house during the night and attacked a family. All six family members were attacked, and three died.Incidents such as these have been report in many newspapers and online news sites, but I take the examples above from two articles on the subject. Tim Larimer, a correspondent for Time wrote Natural-Born

Tritt’s View of Young Goodman Brown :: Young Goodman Brown YGB

Tritts View of Young Goodman embr birth In the article, Young Goodman Brown and the Psychology of Projection, Michael Tritt critically analyzes Nathaniel Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown to construct the process of how Hawthorne regards Goodman Browns behavior. Tritt examines the phenomenon of projection in psychology and believes that Browns compulsive condemnation of opposites, along with his consistent denial of his own culpability, illustrates a classically defined case of projection (116). He defines projection as an unconscious process when a person projects their own traits or desires onto other people, thus representing a sham perception on whom the projection is made. Tritt perceives Goodman Browns withdrawal is from the persuasion that he has not fallen in with his evil community, thus Goodman Brown projects his guilt to them in an attempt to escape a guilty subconscious. While Goodman Brown is in the forest, he locates his anxieties upon the community that he lives in. T he love in the forest actually depicts Goodman Browns own evils. Tritt refers to Goodman Brown snatching away a child being catechized by Goody Cloyse If Brown actually conceives of himself as fallen, why would he snatch the child from one fiend to yield yet another, namely himself? Brown must believe himself untainted, or at least less tainted than various members of his community. (115) Michael Tritt believes that Browns anxieties inevitably stick within his subconscious forever. The anxieties suggest a psychological design with aspects of misperception and false perception to reveal a projection process. Tritt asserts that Goodman Browns evil is located in others, and Brown believes himself to be without guilt although his desires are still in his subconscious. It is a vice-like grip with which such process is paralyzing, indeed terrifying (Tritt 116). Undoubtedly, Michael Tritt uses a psychological strategy to critically analyze Young Goodman Brown. He guardedly constructs hi s criticism through quotes from other critics and the short story. Sigmund Freud is also quoted because he theorized the projection process.

Women of the Iliad :: Homer Women Iliad

Women of the IliadIn the Iliad we saw women as items of exchange and as markers of status for the men who possessed them (Chryseis andBriseis, whom Agame mnon and Achilles argue over in Book I). We saw them in their normal social roles as mothers and wives(Hecuba, Andromache in Book VI). We saw stereotypical characterizations of them as fickle (Helen in Book VI), seductive,and worthless (Hera in Book XIV). We see them as an obstacle that the male hero has to overcome or resist to fulfill his heroicdestiny (Andromaches entreaties to Hector in Book VI).In solely, the few times women show up in what is basically a story told in the male sphere, the story is nothing that subverts or callsinto question the structure of the society that is being portrayed... or is there?To the extent that the Iliad has a moral lesson to impart to its readers, part of it would have to be that the behavior of Agamemnon and Achilles in the first book (and beyond) is excessive. Both men are so fixated on the ir own images as heroic warriorsthat they end up bringing woe upon themselves and the equaliser of the Greeks. Part of that behavior is the way they treat the women not as human beings but as emblems of their own status and martial prowess. Look guardedly at what Agamemnon says to theprophet who declared that he had to give back Chryseis (Page 62) Now once more you make divination to the Dana ans, argue forth your reason wherefore he who strikes from afar afflicts them, because I for the sake of the girl Chryseis would not take the shining ransom and indeed I wish greatly to have her in my own house since I like her be tter than Klytaimestra my own wife, for in truth she is no way inferiorTo those who already knew the stories of the Trojan War heroes (which all of the original Greek audience of the epic would),these words would be ominous ones. They would know that Agamemnon had angered hi s wife Klytaimestra (Clytemnestra),

Women of the Iliad :: Homer Women Iliad

Women of the IliadIn the Iliad we saw women as items of exchange and as markers of lieu for the men who feature them (Chryseis andBriseis, whom Agame mnon and Achilles reason out over in Book I). We saw them in their normal social roles as mothers and wives(Hecuba, Andromache in Book VI). We saw stereotypical characterizations of them as quicksilver(a) (Helen in Book VI), seductive,and deceitful (Hera in Book XIV). We see them as an obstacle that the male hero has to overcome or resist to fulfill his luxuriousdestiny (Andromaches entreaties to Hector in Book VI).In all, the few times women show up in what is basically a story told in the male sphere, the story is nothing that subverts or callsinto question the structure of the society that is being portrayed... or is there?To the extent that the Iliad has a moral lesson to impart to its readers, part of it would take a leak to be that the behavior of Agamemnon and Achilles in the first book (and beyond) is excessive. Both men a re so fixated on their own images as heroic warriorsthat they end up bringing woe upon themselves and the rest of the Greeks. Part of that behavior is the way they treat the women not as human beings but as emblems of their own status and martial prowess. Look carefully at what Agamemnon says to theprophet who declared that he had to give back Chryseis (Page 62) Now once more you make divination to the Dana ans, argue forth your reason why he who strikes from afar afflicts them, because I for the sake of the girl Chryseis would not take the shining ransom and indeed I deficiency greatly to have her in my own house since I like her be tter than Klytaimestra my own married woman, for in truth she is no way inferiorTo those who already knew the stories of the Trojan War heroes (which all of the original Greek audience of the epic would),these words would be ominous ones. They would know that Agamemnon had angered hi s wife Klytaim estra (Clytemnestra),

Ninety-Five Theses Paper

During the earlier years of Christianity, at a time when most Catholic leading were focused on political values rather than spiritual values, people would pay money for indulgences in order to remove the temporal punishments attached to their sins. Michael Mullets non-fiction take in Martin Luthers Ninety-Five Theses studies the roots of the Protestant Reformation by giving detai lead background information on Martin Luther and how Luther contributed to a religious revolution which would change the steering of Christian life.Martin Luthers work allowed people to question their faith and gave people the courage to open their own churches even in the face of powerful Catholic leaders. By looking at how Luther interpreted ancient religious scriptures in order to understand God, we are able to see how he transformed into one of the great theologians in history and broke the hold of the Catholic Church over Europe (Mullet, 2003, p. 46) One of Luthers first major steps into following h is beliefs was defying his fathers ishes for his son to draw a lawyer and instead Luther became an augustinian monk.Luther was non retributive simply being rebellious, but rather was driven by spiritual turmoil when comprehending God and his teachings which led Luther to immerse himself in his studies regarding the sacred texts. Through years of internal conflict and searching for religious purpose Luther was able to reach enlightenment by see Gods Judgment as something that should non be feared when faith alone is what brought you salvation.So when he witnessed papal indulgences he ungracefully nailed his 95 Theses to the door of a church joust against the sales of indulgences which intimidated the church with bold statements that questioned their and Gods power. Martin Luthers 95 Theses quickly grew into something more than Just a debate between powers and sp enunciate throughout Europe with the garter of the printing press. The church was incapable of ignoring Luthers shar p statements and it seemed Luther made no hesitation to push back against authority if he was given the chance.The papal authority could not allow Luther to continue threatening their standing in power and ultimately branded Luther as a heretic and banished him from the Holy Roman Empire. Luther was able to hold back in a castle with the help of his friends and once in solitude he was able to translate the New Testament into German for the public to read and interpret on their own. Martin Luthers courage to stand up against the Catholic church gave others the strength to choose and question religion, but peace among the new churches and the Catholic churches would not exist ithout the shed of blood and powerful claims.Martin Luthers concept of God arose from his deep anxiety and is described by Michael Mullet in his book Martin Luthers Ninety-Five Theses as sinners won acceptance from the God the Father were Justified not actively, through their good deeds, but passively and simp ly by taitn r st na died on the cut through to save them (p. 47). Luther gave us the power to break the holy chains binding people to their faith and explore a world without limitations. Dr. David Powlison On MartinLuthers first of the 95 Theses says that Martin Luthers teachings can help us not only understand god but ourselves and others as well. The moment when a person truly reaches enlightenment is when he/she is able to grasp the realization that every single person in your life is real and alive as you are. That these people are not Just wondering faces but actual people like yourself with families and futures of their own. This sonder is what Martin Luther was trying to accomplish in his work along with sharing his interpretation of Gods sacred texts.

A Brawl in Mickey’s Backyard Essay

A Brawl in Mickeys Backyard was a very interlacing and controversial case SunCal wanted to build affordable housing in the resort district however, Disney was opposed to this plan. Disney wants that resort district built up with tourism in idea. Disney would rather see hotels and restaurants to further accommodate their customers.Stakeholders play a vital role in a business Its central to learn the opinions and thoughts of both grocery and nonmarket stakeholders. When we look at this case, there atomic number 18 a lot of stakeholders for Disney that are involved in this.Lets begin by looking at some of the market stakeholders. These market stakeholders include Disneys employees, who would get from cheaper housing in an celestial orbit close to their place of employment. Often the employees take for grantedt drive very much silver and are having to commute longer distances. This affordable housing wouldve greatly helped them. Customers are also another market stakeholder f or Disney. The idea is for the customers to feel theyre in another world. Disney is keeping them in mind and trying to make more attr natural actions in the arena that make them more appealed to the area.Of the nonmarket stakeholders the most relevant in this case was the community itself and the City Council. In order for that community to thrive in the way it does, its important to keep businesses thriving as well. The City Council is involved because it had to be voted on because it was in a resort district.Although I lot see both sides waste great points, I feel very strongly that the workers for Disney should be able to find affordable living quarters in the unspoilt vicinity. I foretaste that Disney realizes that they should value their employees because the tourist couldnt be accommodated without them.I think that SunCal should be able to build the affordable housing area in a near vicinity, just not on the resort itself. I also think that Disney should go out of its way to help SunCal because this housing will benefit their employees.A Brawl in Mickeys Backyard Es claimQ1 The issue in the case of A Brawl in Mickeys Backyard is that the employees at Disney feel that they are not treated well by the famous theme park take iners going so far as to say that they want to make money referring to Disney, but they dont care about the employees. The uproar and the sentiment was expressed more vigorously in the opening scene of the case, when dozens of protestors gathered in August of 2007 to stage a kit to express their open displeasure at Disneys lack of support for their employees.The protest was instigated when a local developer called SunCal arranged to buy 26 acre site in the resort district across the street from the theme park. SunCal plans were to build 1,500 condominiums with 15% of the units set aside for infra the market rate rental apartments. Since housing in Anaheim, California the home to the Disney theme park was expensive, many of Dis neys 20,000 employees couldnt afford to live there. The average cost of a house in the vicinity was more than $600,000 and a rental of a one bedroom apartment was $1400 a month.Keeping in mind custodians at the park earned an average of $1916 a month so that would leave them with only about $500 of their salary barely enough to withstand them for the rest of the month Also, keep in mind that restaurant attendants earn around $1166 a month, so a rental is out of the question, which receives us to the item that only about 18% of the resort employees are able to afford living in the area. The 16400 employees are left to commute long distances by car or bus to get to work.Furthermore, when SunCal wanted to proceed with its plans it had to get permission from the City Council, because its plans for the development were in the resort area. It wasnt clear if SunCal was going to make headway so it roused a lot of advocates from the employees at Disney as well as affordable housing advo cates as well as by other individuals and groups who support the prospect of reducing long commutes, thus reducing air pollution. further, Disney was in the way. It greatly opposed the plan for several reasons. One of which was that the resort district across the street was just that a resort district.In the early 1900s , the city of Anaheim designated 2 square miles across the street from the theme park as a special resort district. The resort area, which was 5% of the citys area only, produced more than half of its tax revenue by 2007. Therefore the area and any development new or old within it were restricted to serve only tourist needs. This meant tourism related development such as hotels and restaurants, Disney argued, and not affordable housing. Disney argued that it wasnt against the issue of providing the employees with affordable housing, but it is against it being in the area that is allocated for tourism.Having SunCal go ahead with its plan will affect the area and its theme park subsequently because it will take land away from being allocated to tourists needs will be explained more fully in Q3. Its not an either/or Disney argued Anaheim has to address the issue of affordable housing but it also had to protect the resort area The two sides quickly formed their own advocates. SunCal advocates formed the Coalition to Defend and Protect Anaheim declaring that these new homes would enable many families to live near their places of work and thereby reduce commuter congestion on freeways.Disneys advocates on the other hand formed Save our Anaheim Resort District to protect the resort area from non-tourism projects. The City Council was split on the issue, to say the least. The five person council has to decide if it will give permissions for SunCal to proceed to build its development plan in a site located strictly for tourism projects, only because this will solve the affordable housing dilemma, or stick with Disneys claim that the site was made from the start for tourism projects and disregarding the feature now will only hurt the area and the businesses in it as well the theme park of course.Q2 The relevant market stakeholders are Disneys stockholders, creditors, suppliers, customers, employees and distributors as well as other resort based owners located within the resort district. The nonmarket stakeholders are the community, government, media, and non-governmental organizations. Q3 The stockholders of Disney will be affected adversely by SunCal plans because it office slow down the flow of tourists to the area and thus affect the theme parks profits and the stockholders profits, dividends subsequently.They are opposed to SunCals plan altogether because the area should be targeted to take away about as much tourists to the area and thus enlarge the theme parks tourist segment and bring out more potential profit and capital appreciation for the stockholders. The same can be said about the resort based business owners, b ecause they whitethorn depend on Disney which is the main attraction for the continuation of their businesses.Fewer developments for tourists, less tourists, lesser incentives for them to come to the area and as such will affect Disney adversely which in return will affect the businesses that depend on it for tourist attractions. Moreover, this will in turn affect the creditors, suppliers, and distributers of Disney. The amount of credit ask to hold up the theme park will be reduced heavily since there will be fewer tourists to attend to. Fewer supplies will be needed if tourism will lessen in the area and as such there will not be as many supplies being distributed.Therefore, the creditors, suppliers, and distributors are all against SunCals proposal because it might affect the success of their business if Disneys attraction is compromised. This can even affect the employees at Disney and at the various businesses in the resort area because they will be impacted in various ways i ncluding reduced hours or layoffs and reduced salaries, if tourism in the vicinity decreases. The community, government, media and non- governmental organizations can be all entities that are split on the issue.The community for example, is split between providing a solution for the affordable housing issue therefore in respect of the proposal, or preserving the area that brings prosperity to a lot of businesses against the proposal. The same can be said about the government, to be specific, the chamber of commerce is against SunCals proposal because it might lesson the profits that the city reaps the resort area produces more than half of its tax revenue and the other side of the government wishes to appease its community and wants Disney to take business for its employees.The non-governmental organizations such as the activists weve seen in the first scene of the case and the unions that represent Disneys affected employees from the long communes are in favor of SunCals plan. Ho wever there might be other unions and activists against the plans, even though they are not mentioned specifically in the case text. Q4 The relevant market stakeholders are Disneys stockholders, creditors, suppliers, customers, employees and distributors as well as other resort based owners located within the resort district.They all have legal power, in which they can bring suit against a company for damages, based on harm caused by the firm. The stockholders in Disney have Voting Power, of which they can exercise their voting rights based on share ownership. They also have the power to inspect the companys books and records. The creditors, suppliers and distributors, customers and employees have Economic Power. The creditors may call in loans if payments are not made.Suppliers and distributors may supply or distribute to competitors, or even refuse to meet orders if conditions in the contract are breached. Customers can imitate the suppliers and distributors in which they can fl ip over loyalties and purchase their goods from competitors, or even go to extremes such as boycotting the goods and products if deemed unsatisfactory. The employees can from unions to bargain for their wants, they can even refuse to work or take action and perform strikes. They may even go public and influence the media to adopt their issues.

Analysis: Ernest Hemingway’s The Indian Camp Essay

The nearsighted story Indian Camp is written by Ernest Hemingway. It is written in 1921 and takes orient in North America. Indian Camp is about a young boy named Nick, who travels with his father and Uncle George to an Indian Camp to help an Indian girl, who has been in a painful labor for two days. Nicks father performs a very primitive cesarean, and in meantime the womans husband commits suicide by cutting his throat. My intention with this essay is first to make a charactersation of the most important characters of the story.Afterwards I would like to make a short analysis of the structure, narrator and language. And at last I intend to make an interpretation of the theme of Indian Camp. The main character of the story is Nick, and the comment of him is made implicit. We recognize that he is a boy, who has a great relationship with his father Nick lay back with his fathers arm near him. p. 1, l. 9. He is a young boy, about 8-10 years, because he is old enough to see the ces arean, but not the suicide. Nick is very brave, because he tackles the whole authority without crying and screaming.He thinks a lot and reflex on action, which is seen in the end, when he keeps asking about life and death. Nick is a complex character, because he goes through a development. In the beginning of the story he is sitting next to his father in the stern of the boat, and he doesnt really know what a birth is, but in the end he is sitting in front of his father in the boat and is sure about what life is. Nicks father is a flat character. He is middle-age since he has a son and a long education.He is proud of being a doctor, which is seen, when he teaches Nick about the birth. He cares a lot about his son, because he apologize him for taking him to the Indian Camp. He wants to avoid making him nervous, so he only tells him a few necessary things about the trip. Uncle George doesnt have an active role in the story. But it seems as if he has a friendly relationship with the Indians, because he is already in the camp in the beginning of the story, and he stays there after the birth. There are many a(prenominal) signs, that he might be the father of the baby.He stands next to the woman under the birth, and when she bites him, she smiles. Her husband commits suicide. He was maybe ashamed of his wife being unneurotic with another man. Another sign could be, that in America they have a tradition that you hand out a cigar, when you become a father. Uncle George gave both the Indians cigars. p. 2, l. 3. Ernest Hemingway quality of narrator and languages is foc utilize by, that we have to think self and read between the lines. He has used a 3th person omniscient narrator seen from Nicks point of view.But sometimes the narrator changes to someone elses point of view Nicks father is not the father but abruptly the doctor. Uncle George looked at his arm. p. 4, l. 10. Nick doesnt see this, because he isnt in the room. The language in Indian Camp is objective . There isnt used many adjectives and there is much direct speak. The whole story starts in a boat and ends in a boat. It has the structure office-out-home, where there at home is cosmos and out chaos. Nicks goes through his development, when he is out in chaos.The story starts in media-res and it has an open ending. Indian Camp has many themes. suppuration up is a good theme for this story, because Nick goes through the development from child to an adult. It could also be life and death, as a man dies and a baby is born. Another theme could be the bond between Nick and his father and how it clearly changes after the suicide. His father sees how important it is to protect the one you bang and therefore apologizes to Nick. Ernest Hemingways short story is about how a child deals the real tough life and also about the secession process from parents and develops.

Responsive and Adaptive Architecture

Responsive and Adaptive ArchitectureIt is no secret that the introduction is germinating at an awed gait and everything is altering really fast. Modern tendencies are really rushing with each other and design is developing invariably conveying the mundane drug user new services to simplify their day-to-day modus operandi. However, the built environment can non be replaced every bit rapidly as a laptop or a phone, for illustration. Architecture is about reflecting on the universe and showing it through the urban landscape that we create. Architecture is a tool to continue historical events, periods, phases of development. except what if it is really able to maintain up with the developing universe about it and reflect it all the clip? What if just by tone at a serial publication of edifices you are able to see an on-going event someplace else, or the edifice alterations shape to state you to avoid traffic. Architecture is an look but what if it is able to react to current eve nts and be enlightening, artistic or any sort of manner to reflect upon its milieus on a little or broad receive table. It would really non merely determine the environment but besides take portion in the actions and be involved in the communicating procedure cooperative itself to the plangency and the events.Since I am interested in the latest tendencies and technological promotions I persevere path of several cyberspace beginnings which publish intelligence think to this subject. However most of them are aimed at the amusement concern and digital development, taking the degree of gambling and digital sweetenings to the following phase. I was funny if the engineering they develop for multimedia can in a manner be combined with an architectural design which would respond to its milieus. By making so the rampart between the digital illimitable and the physical kingdom would be broken. The universe created by such a edifice would be adaptative and the user provide be able to s ee its presence and its behaviour as a consequence of his personal actions. My university undertaking during the first term was a perfect pretend to develop my thought. My purpose is to make a infinite ( or series of infinites ) that could drastically alter and interact with the dwellers and accommodate the environment harmonizing to existent clip events. Achieving this willing set the user into something more than a digital simulation leting him to see a new sort of architecture, one that responds to his presence.Current undertakings involved in antiphonary architecture took me to the plants of Cantoni and Crescenti who have developed several installings which respond to real-time human activity and the presence of the people. They really create constructions, non merely digital response on a screen or floor, that alteration harmonizing to peoples motion, weight, velocity and way.Mirroris a undertaking about a brooding and really flexible opinion poll of metal which either expan ds or detracts based on the users distance to itself. It is these first simple stairss into altering the environment that I am looking at and how they can be implemented both in the inside and outside of a edifice and how it can be farther developed. Other undertakings admit a floor which moves harmonizing to where you are, and a tilting tunnel which leans to antagonize a persons weight therefore reacting first manus to what is traveling on rough it on a mechanical degree.The 2nd sort of undertakings I am looking at is the amusement development in footings of projection function and augment world. Both are taking to convey the users a new degree in interaction between a digital universe and the physical universe about giving us a new sort of media to bask.Demand it. Welcome it. Let it in. The Third Era of Visual Art is gon na be great. ( Matt Pearson, Generative Art A Practical Guide ) .The 3rd epoch of ocular humanistic disciplines brings us the minute of now. Not something tha t has been created in the yesteryear to be used or viewed in the hereafter in merely one peculiar manner. The events are go oning now, and the response is existent but or else of macrocosm played out merely in a practical world, the user becomes portion of it in the physical universe.The development of projection function is something I would wish to look at foremost. Since Sony developed the Move, handheld gesture tracker, for their console many developers have tried to utilize it to a greater possible than merely playing games on it. What it does is it is being tracked by a camera located in the console and it besides sends informations by observing which manner it is being moved, rotated etc. However, its usage has been driven into a different way of the amusement concern. In the past projection function was merely available from a inactive place. The undertaking which enabled it to be dynamic is called Most Insane Immersive Movie Experience Ever . Attaching a gesture tracker to the camera, utilizing a 3D function of the artless and a spot of package to command the projection itself to be adjusted to the position of the camera, has enabled to transform one room with normal furniture into a series of infinites such as a digital dimension, a cityscape and a sea, submersing the people into an astonishing experience like non other so far.My undertaking involves making a infinite which can imitate an environment and, by projection and motion, highlight contrasting to the landscape factors. I call it The Screen. The thought comes from analyzing a forest commonwealth that is traveling to hold a new railroad system constructed through it and this interventions intent is to play up the perturbation being caused during and after building. The treatment is a large screening infinite, without the restriction of being a room, so it can be synergistic and re-arrangeable. The thought is that footage from the exterior is being played in an synergistic manner on the interior by holding a 360 projection, much like a planetarium. The construction resembles a large umbrella which wraps around the viewing audiences which besides gives the semblance that the intercession is drifting. This intercession aims to stand for the bing environment on the exterior in to the viewing audiences inside, by straight demoing them what it is designed to foreground break in the natural landscape caused by reinforced environment.The nucleus tower will keep will keep the robotic weaponries that extend and wrap the infinite and all the projectors which are aimed at the flexible membrane used for the screen. At the terminal of the robotic weaponries there will be a grid which will keep little Pistons which will be interacting with the screen and making the physical motion which will be synchronized with the projection. totally the treating units, computing machines and power will be fitted in the base of the construction. Video provender will be provided from the top of the intercession tower where a 360 birds-eye picture provender will be captured. This intercession is the first measure to making a antiphonal environment and to planing a paradigm for a bigger more developed version to follow. All the cardinal elements listed above can be combined together to make a new type of reinforced signifier, one which will pass on with its dwellers. Future developments of this can be introduced into the amusement concern as a new signifier of bet oning experience, where the physical environment would alter drastically it could be introduced into art, exhibitions preparation and simulation. This could potentially open the door to a new sort of reinforced environment, one that has multiple utilizations in a individual infinite and could eventually go everything one wants it to be.

What Does Enlightened Self-Interest Involve?

Enlightened egotism interest is actually a viewpoint in principles which states that people who act to make headway the interest of others eventually they provide their own self interest. It is simply articulated by the certainty that a person, group and even business entity forget at all times do well through the doing good. Enlightened self interest in one way or the other is considered to be so unrealistic.Enlightened self-interest as well it has implications for long-term reimbursements as opposed to short-term reimbursements to oneself. When a person pursues enlightened self-interest the exclusive possibly will surrender short-term interests so as to take full advantage of long-term interests. A person might sacrifice his instant self-interest for the object of an affirmative relationship towards a group of people to which he relates (Robert, 45).Enlightened self interest is totally different from pure altruism which calls for individuals to perform in the concern of others frequently at the expense of their own welfare and with no hope of gain for themselves in the prospect. Some supporters of progressive self-interest may present that pure unselfishness tends to promote inefficiency also.Some people may benefit materially from philosophy of greed but it is supposed by proponents of progressive self awareness that these people constitute a small minority and that the great number of people can be expecting to experience a net individual failure from a philosophy of uncomplicated unenlightened selfishness. Enlightened self interest clearly states that a big business is in due hunt down assisting itself through helping to resolve communal problems. Advocates challenge that social dependability expenditures by business are motivated through the profit that they make.

Analyzations of Emily Dickinson’s Poems Essay

Emily Dickinson wrote multiple poems describing bearings without ever saying the objects names. A few examples would be her poems hard Sieves, A settle Fellow in the Grass, and Route of Evanescence. These poems are similar to a riddle. In order to determine what her poem is about one must analyze the poems to locate what the object is by observing how appropriate the definition is and how effective the spoken language is in conveying the essence of the object.The first poem, Leaden Sieves, is about snow. The description and language was very clear to understand in this particular poem. Line 2 read, It powders all the Wood. Powder is white. The word powder also suggests that the object gently covers something. more(prenominal) details that lead the reader to believe that the poem could potentially be about snow fall in the following lines, It reaches to the Fence/It wraps it Rail by Rail/Till it is lost in Fleeces (9-11). These lines suggest that snow is covering the fence and its rails. Till it is lost in Fleeces is again suggesting that the object is white. Fleece is the pelage of a lamb which is white. Lines 14-15 say, A Summers vacant room/Acres of Joints, where Harvests were. These lines give the impression that it is the winter season. A Summers empty room, meaning that summer is gone and where Harvests were, implying that what used to be growth is now dead.Dickinsons poem, A Narrow Fellow in the Grass, is about a snake in the grass. The description and language was decently clear to understand in this poem. A reader can easily determine it is some type of creature that resides on the ground, just it is not very clear as to whether it is a snake or maybe a worm. When line 6 stated, a spotted Shaft this gave assertion that a snake would be the more correct option since snakes can be spotted. A narrow Fellow in the Grass/Occasionally rides/You may have met Him-did you not/His notice sudden is (1-4). These line imply that it is a creature that sli thers on the ground, and also that it moves fast because it can happen a upon a person at a sudden instant. Also the person in the poem mistook the object for a Whip lash (13) which is a rope. A snake is shaped like a rope.Route of Evanescence is very short poem so its description is difficult to catch onto. The length of poem plays an big part in the poems language though. This poem is about a hummingbird. Line 3 says, A Resonance of Emerald describes the object as possessing a deep, beautiful green color. And every Blossom on the Bush/Adjusts its tumbled Head (5-6) suggests flowers that are moving as if perhaps they have just been drank from by a hummingbird. The word rush in line 4 and the short length of the poem implies that the object is something that moves fast and is there and then gone in a blink.The final poem (585) is about a train. I like to see it lap the Miles/And lick the Valleys up (1-2) suggests not only that the object moves exclusively also that it can cover gr eat distances by using the word miles. Also the object makes some type of noise. The following lines are two examples of the object having the ability to make noise, In horrid-hooting stanza (12) and neigh like Boanerges (14). Lastly. the lines The-punctual as a Star/Stop-docile and omnipotent/At its own stable door (15-17) insinuates something arriving at a destination at a set time like a train does at a depot.Poems can describe objects without saying the objects names. Readers can determine what the poem is about by analyzing the poems, observing how appropriate the description is, and how effective the language is in conveying the essence of the object. Dickinsons poems Leaden Sieves, A Narrow Fellow in the Grass, and Route of Evanescence were riddles they were soon solved after a lot of analyzation.

Nike Advertisement Analysis

Advertisements accommodate been used for years to sell products. As long as there come been consumers there have been ads, although in some(prenominal) an(prenominal) different media. divergent companies or groups release ads to promote a certain product, idea, or punctuate. Nike is no exception. Nike has been a leading chump in sports for 46 years. They are most cognize for their acrobatic shoes, but Nike manufactures all in all sorts of athletic decorate as well as equipment. Nike publishes many printed reportments e precise day. Their ad run for has been an iconic one, using repetition, a textbook marketing strategy, to create acquaintance of the blemish.Nike ads are very comm moreover featured with the same fundamental elements in all of the printed advertisements they publish. These conventions that are agelessly repeated are what help consumers to recognize the advertisement as belonging to Nike very quickly. The conventions that remain present in any Nike ad that help to create tell on recognition are the arranged graphic elements, the indelible Nike go and the slogan but Do It. Nike is an iconic brand. They have made a name for themselves in the humankind of sports as well marketing.Nike has been one of the a few(prenominal) brands whom continue to grow explosively even in the soon upturned market (Kapner). They have achieved this done superior brand management. Consumers impart pay more cash for a product they conceptualise is construct well. Nike has done a wonderful job at personation themselves as a superior sports dress out brand. The Just Do It ad campaign is one that has been known for its detached, determined and unsentimental advertisements (Center for Applied Research). Nike seems preceding(prenominal) the world, having advertisements that do non focus on current events.They seldom focus on the product, as oft as the hatful showcasing them. They are heroic, noble, fierce looking people (Gould). These ads fo cus on the hot internal focus of a supreme athlete. This superiority that comes through in the ads is what makes us pay attention to Nike in both in regards to marketing as well as sports products. Graphics are a sizable part of printed advertisements. Many printed advertisements rely on realizes to get the mean message across. Sometimes, very little spoken language are necessary when a good picture is present.Nike ofttimes uses pictures of individual athletes or an entire group of athletes, usually wearing Nike products, to promote their brand. One ad, for example, shows a shirtless LeBron throng against a black background place a basketball. The Nike lave is present followed by words that say, countersink for combat. Nike is using LeBron, as a whiz athlete to sell their product. Nike has also always used, and continues to use transgression to sell products. They print ads that show athletes with the strong point that everyone wishes they possess in regards to their s port (Center for Applied Research).For example, one Nike ad, entitle Inner Drive, shows a woman in brightly colored runway gear stretching in front of her ingleside before she runs. The house and the car both look neglected. The consumer gets a feeling that this is an intense and utilize athlete. She ignores her car because she is so dedicated to running. This is the kind of dedication that people respect and want to emulate. Consumers whitethorn feel uniform they are not serious about their sport, or arent giving their shell effort if they arent wearing Nike. some other approach Nike has used for years is to show only a picture of the product they are difficult to sell.This is done primarily with athletic shoe advertisements. For years Nike has taken the route of very plain ads, reservation the shoe the most exciting thing on the page. In the 90s, for example, Nike published a series of ads promoting the refreshing air max line. These ads depicted various kinds of shoes, whether they are running shoes, tennis shoes, or basketball shoes, and that was it. only(prenominal) the shoes were present on the page, with a sentence or two of text, and a logo united with the slogan in the corner. other more recent ad that has this same format is one that advertises for LeBron jam sixth pair of basketball shoes.The ad shows a picture of these shoes, and only the words The Six. These two types of artwork elements are some of the key elements that help consumers recognize the Nike brand. Another common theme of the Nike advertisement campaign is their logo, the lap up. Logos, also called logotypes, are a graphic representation or symbol of a company name, hallmark or abbreviation, often uniquely designed for ready recognition (Dictionary. com). Nike uses the swoosh to help consumers associate things like hard work, commitment, and tenacity with their brand (Center for Applied Research). The swoosh bathroom be used just like a signature.This logo appears on products themselves, as well as the advertisements for those products. This way consumers know that a swoosh, and everything it is shown with, mean Nike. Every shoe Nike makes and every ad they publish displays a swoosh prominently for everyone to see. It is this consistency that makes the swoosh effective. If the swoosh were only present some of the time it would not be as synonymous with Nike as it is today. Slogans are a key element in brand identity. A slogan is a phraseology that a company uses for consumers to easily associate something with that particular brand (Dictionary. om). Nike uses the slogan Just Do It to unify advertisements and ideas to their company. This slogan is found on many products and almost all pieces of advertisement. When someone hears Just do it they think of Nike. We have been conditioned to think this way. Some ads depict a blank page showing only the Nike swoosh and the slogan. These simple advertisements are an effective way to advertise the products and link the slogan with the logo for notwithstanding brand recognition. Nike has been a force in the sports universe for 46 years. The 80s and 90s marked the birth of the Just Do It ad campaign.Since then Nike has become a staple of American culture. The products Nike manufactures have changed. They have expanded and braggy as a company. However one thing has remained constant over the years. Although Nike has made so many different products, and most people couldnt recall what was the favorite shoe in 1985, most everyone knows The Nike swoosh and the phrase Just Do It. The marketing genius that went into creating the consistent graphics, the swoosh logo, and the popular slogan, Just Do It is the reason why America knows and respects the Nike brand and their products, and will continue to do so for many more years to come.Works CitedCenter for Applied Research. Mini-case Study Nikes Just Do It Advertising Campaign. Print. Gould, Thomas. Advertising Campaigns spectacul ar Campaigns. (2006). Web. Kapner, Suzanne. With Sneaker Glut at Stores Easing, Nike Is Slowly Getting ski binding on Its Feet. Los Angeles Times Los Angeles 4 July 1998. Print. Nike. Advertisement. beginning(a) Round Athletics. Nike, 2009. Web . Nike. Advertisement. GenXXL. Web. . Nike. Advertisement. The Future of Ads. Web. . Dictionary.com Find the Meanings and Definitions of Words at Dictionary.com. Web. 3 Dec. 2010. .Nike Advertisement AnalysisAdvertisements have been used for years to sell products. As long as there have been consumers there have been ads, although in many different media. Different companies or groups release ads to promote a certain product, idea, or brand. Nike is no exception. Nike has been a leading brand in sports for 46 years. They are most known for their athletic shoes, but Nike manufactures all sorts of athletic apparel as well as equipment. Nike publishes many printed advertisements every day. Their ad campaign has been an iconic one, using repet ition, a textbook marketing strategy, to create recognition of the brand.Nike ads are very commonly featured with the same basic elements in all of the printed advertisements they publish. These conventions that are constantly repeated are what help consumers to recognize the advertisement as belonging to Nike very quickly. The conventions that remain present in every Nike ad that help to create brand recognition are the consistent graphic elements, the indelible Nike swoosh and the slogan Just Do It. Nike is an iconic brand. They have made a name for themselves in the world of sports as well marketing.Nike has been one of the few brands whom continue to grow explosively even in the currently upturned market (Kapner). They have achieved this through superior brand management. Consumers will pay more money for a product they think is manufactured well. Nike has done a wonderful job at portraying themselves as a superior sports apparel brand. The Just Do It ad campaign is one that ha s been known for its detached, determined and unsentimental advertisements (Center for Applied Research). Nike seems above the world, having advertisements that do not focus on current events.They rarely focus on the product, as much as the people showcasing them. They are heroic, noble, fierce looking people (Gould). These ads focus on the intense inward focus of a supreme athlete. This superiority that comes through in the ads is what makes us pay attention to Nike in both in regards to marketing as well as sports products. Graphics are a big part of printed advertisements. Many printed advertisements rely on pictures to get the intended message across. Sometimes, very little words are necessary when a good picture is present.Nike frequently uses pictures of individual athletes or an entire team of athletes, usually wearing Nike products, to promote their brand. One ad, for example, shows a shirtless LeBron James against a black background holding a basketball. The Nike swoosh is present followed by words that say, Prepare for combat. Nike is using LeBron, as a star athlete to sell their product. Nike has also always used, and continues to use guilt to sell products. They print ads that show athletes with the intensity that everyone wishes they possess in regards to their sport (Center for Applied Research).For example, one Nike ad, entitled Inner Drive, shows a woman in brightly colored running gear stretching in front of her house before she runs. The house and the car both look neglected. The consumer gets a feeling that this is an intense and dedicated athlete. She ignores her car because she is so dedicated to running. This is the kind of dedication that people respect and want to emulate. Consumers may feel like they are not serious about their sport, or arent giving their best effort if they arent wearing Nike. Another approach Nike has used for years is to show only a picture of the product they are trying to sell.This is done primarily with athleti c shoe advertisements. For years Nike has taken the route of very plain ads, making the shoe the most exciting thing on the page. In the 90s, for example, Nike published a series of ads promoting the new air max line. These ads depicted various kinds of shoes, whether they are running shoes, tennis shoes, or basketball shoes, and that was it. Only the shoes were present on the page, with a sentence or two of text, and a logo coupled with the slogan in the corner. Another more recent ad that has this same format is one that advertises for LeBron James sixth pair of basketball shoes.The ad shows a picture of these shoes, and only the words The Six. These two types of graphics elements are some of the key elements that help consumers recognize the Nike brand. Another common theme of the Nike advertisement campaign is their logo, the swoosh. Logos, also called logotypes, are a graphic representation or symbol of a company name, trademark or abbreviation, often uniquely designed for re ady recognition (Dictionary. com). Nike uses the swoosh to help consumers associate things like hard work, commitment, and tenacity with their brand (Center for Applied Research). The swoosh can be used just like a signature.This logo appears on products themselves, as well as the advertisements for those products. This way consumers know that a swoosh, and everything it is shown with, means Nike. Every shoe Nike makes and every ad they publish displays a swoosh prominently for everyone to see. It is this consistency that makes the swoosh effective. If the swoosh were only present some of the time it would not be as synonymous with Nike as it is today. Slogans are a key element in brand identity. A slogan is a phrase that a company uses for consumers to easily associate something with that particular brand (Dictionary. om). Nike uses the slogan Just Do It to link advertisements and ideas to their company. This slogan is found on many products and almost all pieces of advertisement. When someone hears Just do it they think of Nike. We have been conditioned to think this way. Some ads depict a blank page showing only the Nike swoosh and the slogan. These simple advertisements are an effective way to advertise the products and link the slogan with the logo for further brand recognition. Nike has been a force in the sports universe for 46 years. The 80s and 90s marked the birth of the Just Do It ad campaign.Since then Nike has become a staple of American culture. The products Nike manufactures have changed. They have expanded and grown as a company. However one thing has remained constant over the years. Although Nike has made so many different products, and most people couldnt recall what was the popular shoe in 1985, most everyone knows The Nike swoosh and the phrase Just Do It. The marketing genius that went into creating the consistent graphics, the swoosh logo, and the popular slogan, Just Do It is the reason why America knows and respects the Nike brand and their products, and will continue to do so for many more years to come.Works CitedCenter for Applied Research. Mini-case Study Nikes Just Do It Advertising Campaign. Print. Gould, Thomas. Advertising Campaigns Great Campaigns. (2006). Web. Kapner, Suzanne. With Sneaker Glut at Stores Easing, Nike Is Slowly Getting Back on Its Feet. Los Angeles Times Los Angeles 4 July 1998. Print. Nike. Advertisement. 1st Round Athletics. Nike, 2009. Web . Nike. Advertisement. GenXXL. Web. . Nike. Advertisement. The Future of Ads. Web. . Dictionary.com Find the Meanings and Definitions of Words at Dictionary.com. Web. 3 Dec. 2010. .

Analysis of the strategy development in the vsm group

6. Case synopsisBackground to the analysisThe boilersuit analysis of the dodging development in the VSM congregation is reasonably straightforward ( in hindsight ) . In 1997, the saucy CEO joined the family. assumption that the new proprietors Industri Capital did non go overk vast term ownership, his undertaking was to do the VSM free radical a profitable t entirelyytnership that would be fit for an IPO within the totaling 5 honest-to- strongness ages or so. At the clip, the VSM assort dumb had a strong acidulate bulge out focal point and concerns tended to s efflorescence at the mill Gatess. interchangeable most several(predicate) shapers of triumph uping governmental machines, it had been fighting with unsatisfactory profitableness. Summarizing up the press out of affairs in a ingenuous SWOT analysis shows that the VSM assort was strong on proceeds and mathematical product development precisely had less proficiency in chicken out offing the separate of the grade string between take and the leaf node. Although the backing as a whole had been worsening for decennaries, the upper voices ( computerised machines with embroidery condenser ) were still profitable. prone its capacity for developing and return forthing noble public presentation hunt down uping machines, VSM opted for a scheme with the verbalised purpose of going the taking manufacturing business of premium run uping machines. However, the deficiency of competency on the mart side was all excessively evident to the new CEO. VSM needed to increase client orientation in all parts of the regard as concatenation, so it started to work intensively with its independent dispense merchants to develop them and, optimally, take away on them to cover entirely with VSM s switch lines. In add-on, VSM started to spread out the figure of to the full phase of the moon owned retail merchants to spearhead its swops in profitable localizeets. Within the company prop er, entropy and preparation was aimed at transfusing the impression that the employees at VSM had that one graduation exercise of income, irrespective of place within the company the client.The VSM sort was strong on both(prenominal) intersection and R & A D scarcely the merchandise market options for sing however its takings accomplishments to seek lowly cost advantage in the mid and net sections of the market looked less promising. To go a market leader and accomplish true distinction, it needed to supplying new superior merchandises while developing new competency to pull off the linkages between ware and retailing. The new metaphysical transshipment centery syndicate decorator 1 and then played a importeeationant draw in VSM s new scheme, as does its attempts to widen its competency into retailing.The Pfaff acquire can be viewed in patent radiation of this scheme. Although the acquisition of Pfaff was non rather in line with the new scheme of the VSM th eme, it was aligned. When Pfaff came up for sale, the verbalised end of the VSM top direction was to do an issue feasible for their proprietor. The bribe of Pfaff would alter the construction of the attention merely the programs for an IPO of the VSM Group would hold to be postponed. However, this was acceptable to the proprietor who antecedently had sought out structural alternates in other industries. Further, the buy of Pfaff did non include any production capacity in Ger umteen. The mark of the VSM Group was the Pfaff trade place. In the procedure, VSM discovered the works in Brno, which was non a portion of Pfaff, but a subcontractor. However, its function in the production of Pfaff branded machines was so of import that VSM decided to purchase the works and do it a to the full owned subordinate of the VSM classify. This was non in VSM s original program and is a unsloped illustration of how a procedure position helps usInstructor s Manualunderstand how strategical closings are developed over clip. A farther of import strategic determination was to maintain Pfaff as a full-range premium trade name analogue to the original Husqvarna Viking line. This determination was the consequence of a instead drawn-out procedure and the concluding determination was far from obvious at the beginning of the treatments. Overall, the VSM Group is remaining with its scheme premium merchandises and commanding the value concatenation while remaining profitable. However, the purchase of Pfaff has delayed several of these aims. Although the figure of to the full owned retail merchants has increased, it has increased less than originally planned. Further, the work to incorporate the retail merchant web for the Pfaff line started at square one and needed a batch of attending. Last, the underestimate of the badness of the German market has laced up the top direction squad well and drawn extra financess from the Group.Turning now to the particular inquiries6.1 There w ere a figure of coincident coneditions in the VSM Group in theperiod 1997-2003. Is the VSM Group still the aforementioned(prenominal) company?The last 25 old ages of the VSM Group are a history of considerable contextual, organizational and market alteration. In 1977, the Husqvarna company, a big maker of place contraptions and forestry equipment, was taken over by its fiercest tint Electrolux. In merely a two round of old ages, the company was integrated into the elephantine Electrolux. Still, imaginativenesss and competencies really changed astonishingly small through the old ages. The fabrication works hardly changed and the merchandise development section had a long tradition with section directors and employees functioning long foots. The purchase of Pfaff added no production resources since the Karlsruhe works was closed. However, the purchase of the Brno production installation did add to production capacity although non production competency. Consequently, a resource audit leave demo that few resources or basic competencies have really been changed during this period. ( Note that we talk nigh alteration in quality instead than measure. ) alternatively, the alteration procedure has been directed towards beef uping the linkages between functional countries in the value concatenation. To this termination, several methods have been employed. The development of a mission statement ( which really did non be prior(prenominal) to the reaching of the new CEO ) , organizational alterations ( composing top direction squad ) , the physical resettlement of the R & A D and selling sections to the same edifice and the VSM platform for educating retail merchants are illustrations of this.6.2 How would you fork up the strategic capableness of the VSM Group in 1997? In 2001? In 2003?The VSM Group has ever demonstrated spirited technical proficiency compared to its equals. This is briefly illustrated in appendix 1 where the ancestors of the present a dministration are described. The VSM Group was e.g. the first to do a self- lubricating stitching machine through the usage of sintered metal technology. Its streamlining activities during the eighties were besides achieverful in cut belt down the parts count and cost. This meant directing design attempts non merely to fulfill the consumer but Pearson teaching limit 2005Instructor s Manual besides to run into the demands of the production section for designs that were possible to bring forth more than expeditiously. Historically, the thoughts for merchandise inventions have come from the R & A D section with small input from the selling section. This is non to state that the development applied scientists were uninformed about client demands, but instead that market information was non collected and channelled though the administration. Although the VSM Group had for a long clip required all its merchandise applied scientists to run up actively in their surplus clip, we ha ve a authoritative slip of a product- orientated administration. To understand the administration in 1997 see appendix 1 where the company s historical background is laid out. A factory has been regain at or near the present site for more than 300 old ages. Get downing as a metalworks for guns in the 17th century, the activities at the Husqvarna works have shifted from guns to rifles to run uping machines as demand has changed through the centuries. Resource places ( the factory ) and competencies ( notably the metalworks and mechanics ) have been used to follow new schemes as induced by alterations in the environment.During the period 1997-2000, the VSM Group took a figure of actions to soften the linkages between functional countries. First, the directors of the international everlasting(a) revenues companies were brought into the top direction squad, which leave aloned an sphere for strategic conversation with other parts of the administration. Second, the work on the formal scheme papers ( including the mission statement ) brought to scoreher different parts of the administration, both horizontally and vertically. The written paperss besides served to pass on corporate schemes and values in a new and consistent manner. The carefully managed scheme procedure seemed to pay off in footings of organizational dedication. Third, traveling the merchandise development and selling sections to the same edifice was another measure to associate nice expertness and selling know-how to organize a whole.It is of import to observe that the alteration towards market orientation was an overall attempt that involved alterations in the top direction squad, a new fiscal accounting system, both slice veracious as the physical resettlement of sections. Furthermore, it should besides be illustrious that the increased focal point on pull offing linkages extends beyond the company s ain administration. The company s high engagement in the development of the independent traders is another illustration of pull offing linkages. To sight this the pupils need to hold on the construct of the value concatenation ( subdivision 3.6.1 ) so as to non detain the analysis to resources and competency controlled through ownership.At a insouciant glimpse, it whitethorn look clear that the resource place of the VSM Group had changed markedly by 2003. It so owned the Pfaff trade name and it had new in-house production capacity at the Brno works, which was cost efficient and capable of consistent quality. On the front end of the value concatenation, new traders had been added. However, on closer review the alterations may non be that important. Pfaff had established itself as a high quality trade name and the new production installation in Brno did add capacity but no new or different competency to the company. As it was, the Pfaff purchase looks more like more of the same than echt alteration. By 2003, VSM s strategic capacity had non changed appreciably in qual ity but in measure. The company still possessed expertness in merchandise development and had Pearson pedagogics Limited 2005Instructor s Manual efficient production installations. In add-on, VSM had two strong trade name with a planetary presence. On the retail side, VSM is still go oning its quest to transform its retail merchants to send its trade label entirely. 6.3 Are the meat competencies in 2003 more robust than in 1997? It is straightforward to man-to-man out the merchandise development capacity of the VSM Group as a campaigner for a nucleus competency. The new strategic way has increased the purchase of this competency all bit satisfactory as spawned the development of others such as pull offing linkages. However, it is questionable whether merchandise development capacity in itself may be called a nucleus competency the Brother company has emerged as an travel rival with potentially deep pockets. However, the hardiness of a nucleus competency tends to increase when it is embedded in a specific organizational context the decision is that the hardiness has increased with the focal point on edifice linkages within the value concatenation ( subdivision 3.6.1 ) . Robustness besides stems from ownership. The coming of to the full software-controlled run uping machines has do package development really of import for the stitching machine manufacturers. The acquisition of the little package manufacturer EMNET was seen as strategically of import in position of the company s committedness to enhance the gladden of sewing . Harmonizing to VSM, it saw the tendency as traveling towards farther integrating between computing machine and stitching machine, doing the usage of a individual(prenominal) computer a excess measure for e.g. the building of embellishment. If VSM were non in control of its embellishment package, it could intend that in the hereafter it would be forced to trust to a colossal extent on outside parties in order to supply the fu ll merchandises. Interestingly, a similar state of affairs was at manus in the early 1980s when electronic controls were introduced in run uping machines. The strategic options confronting the administration at that clip were either to develop the necessary competency inbredly or to purchase the services and parts from an outside provider. Finally, the company s determination was to engage applied scientists with grades in electronics in order to develop the new engineering internally. In hindsight, interviewees from merchandise development acknowledge this as an of import strategic determination since some rivals ( e.g. Bernina ) lost of import land in developing their ain engineering. Know-how in electronics has subsequently proved to be a threshold competency for run uping machine makers except for the terminal market sections.6.4 What are the of import factors in the macro-environment that influence VSM and its industry?The PESTEL model may be desirable here. Some factors may be thought of as structural drivers of alteration, i.e. factors in the macro-environment that attain the whole industry, and some may merely be of importance to the individual administration. A common mistake committed by pupils in this analysis is to seek to make full each missive in PESTEL with some content, but undistinguished. We have chosen to give a few illustrations that in the yesteryear have shown to be of importance. Concentrating on a few outstanding factors gives the pupils a opportunity to derive deeper apprehension of these factors alternatively of merely complete apprehension of a long laundry list of possible factors. Pearson Education Limited 2005Instructor s ManualPoliticalAlthough the political environment in Sweden is really stable, trade policy issues between the EU and the US have peril the VSM Group in the yesteryear. In the alleged Banana War in the late 1990s, US governments imperil to enforce a high ( 50 % ) surcharge on targeted merchandises such as run uping machines, in response to EU protectionist patterns know aparting against imports of American bananas. This menace was really existent and would hold meant serious losingss in VSM s cardinal market for premium run uping machines. This illustrates the importance of accounting for political conditions between provinces, and non merely within provinces. Another issue could be the general liberalization of trade. Low or no duties on fabric imports have made apparels much cheaper in the Western universe, pass overing out big parts of the fabric industry in the US and in the EU. Cheaper vesture has wholly undermined the old inducement to run up.EconomicOnce once more, the economic environment in Sweden is moderately stable for a little province. However, Sweden has non opted to joint the atomic number 63an Monetary Union ( EMU ) . The Swedish krona hence floats against both the US dollar and the Euro. In the short tally, it is possible to fudge fluctuations in the exchange rates . In the medium tally, these fluctuations will impact the income of the VSM Group in domestic currency. In the yesteryear, the profitableness of the VSM Group has showed clear covariation with the exchange rate of the Swedish krona, both in 1982 ( when the krona was devaluated by 16 % ) and once more in 1992 when the krona dropped over 25 % nightlong as the policy of fixed exchange rate was abandoned. Even in 2003, the VSM Group had to get by with shriveling net incomes ( in domestic currency ) as a effect of the bead in the US dollar.SocioculturalUnder the rubric of sociocultural factors, we find some of the structural drivers of alteration in the stitching industry. LOMLOTs ( often Of Money, Lots Of condemnation ) were often used by the VSM Group to depict a turning group of retired persons, especially in the US, with plentifulness of clip for empty activities and bills to pass. Sewing out of necessity is no longer of import for bring forthing demand you can purchase much che aper than you can run up. Rather it is higher motivations in the Maslowian sense that drive many consumers. This alteration in consumer gustatory sensations has had an impact on the industry the gross revenues of low priced simple machines have plummeted, while more advanced machines show steadily gross revenues. The fact that it is now possible to bear down $ 5000+ for a consumer stitching machine ( the Husqvarna Viking Designer 1 ) is besides an index number of this alteration. Given that run uping machines are no longer a necessity, thither is no automatic creative activity of demand. As such, the stitching machine is now viing with other types of leisure activities fishing, golf, or going. The VSM Group has clearly recognised this and its mission statement contains the phrase creating demand for more notional utilizations of sewing . Pearson Education Limited 2005Instructor s ManualTechnologicalThe more and more widespread usage of the Internet and its capacity for file tran sportation has made it possible to easy upgrade characteristics of the stitching machines through a simple download of package ascents. The top theoretical accounts from the taking makers make usage of the Internet to administer embellishment forms and package for the building of usage embellishment. In add-on, the VSM Group distributes ascents of the operating system of the stitching machine proper. As of yet, no theoretical account has a direct linkage to the Internet. Rather, package has to be downloaded via a Personal computer. In category treatment, this may open up informed guess about what new characteristics we office see, given the rapid development for new applications of information engineering in other countries.6.5 What are the forces of rivalry in the sewing machine industry?The instance text contains adequate information to do it possible to execute a Five Forces analysis. More ambitious enterprise might include external beginnings of information. From experience, i t has been noted that pupils may hold troubles with understanding the difference between competitory competition within the industry, which is one of the volt forces , and the degree of competition, the dependant variable in the theoretical account.The information provided in the instance ( notably in portion 3 ) makes it possible to execute a Five Forces analysis ( subdivision 2.3.1 ) . Persistently low profitableness over the concern rhythm fundamentally defines the degree of competition as high ( in the Porterian sense ) . Competitive competition seems to be moderate with moderate degrees of merchandise invention, absence of monetary value wars, or aggressive selling towards retail merchants. However, altering purchaser gustatory sensations have meant diminishing overall demand for run uping machines, particularly on basic theoretical accounts. Buyers have high bargaining mightiness due to low exchanging costs between trade names since the industry is mature with a controlling design. In add-on, the typical stitching machine retail merchant carries several trade names. Therefore, it could be reason out that it is the demand side that put downward force per unit area on the industry s net income borders. From the analysis of the environment the pupils are asked to develop an thought of how the market will develop and what alternating(a) places the histrions in the industry may take. Section 2.4 in ECS will likely be helpful here, peculiarly the Strategic Group Analysis in 2.4.1. Besides subdivision 2.4.2, Market Segmentation, will be a cardinal reading since VSM s scheme is to travel after a niche section that is still profitable even though the entire market for run uping machines is worsening. Therefore, the job of specifying the industry and to execute a dynamic analysis will come into drama.6.6 What are the following strategic issues Viking will hold to turn to? What strategic options might be considered?For the VSM Group, two issues stand out keepi ng proficient leading and pull offing the value concatenation. Extra issues are trade name direction and pull offing the Pfaff acquisition. Issues of way, methods and winner criteria for scheme development are dealt with in chapter 7 of ECS. In the short tally, this would be protect Pearson Education Limited 2005 Instructor s Manual and construct on current position . However, in the medium to long tally, issues of merchandise and market development will come in the equation. The notes below should be considered in this visible radiation.The proficient proficiency of VSM has been a repeating subject in this instance. It is true that capacity for merchandise invention is a cardinal portion of VSM s strategic capableness, but it should non be construed as the beginning of competitory advantage for VSM. In recent old ages, its rival Brother has introduced automatic threading, a profitable characteristic soon non available from VSM. In all, Brother s capacity for technology seems to e qual that of VSM. Nevertheless, maintaining proficient leading ( as it manifests itself in new merchandises ) is one key to VSM s overall scheme. A good set of applied scientists is portion of the equation but cognizing how to bring forth the right sort of invention is even more detailed. Hence the accent on bridging spreads within the value concatenation to better flows of information and resources in both waies. The instance contains a just sum of information on the procedure mean to increase client orientation in all parts of the value concatenation. This goes for the R & A D, production, and merchandise sections every bit good as the retail merchants. The concatenation metaphor is suiting in this instance a concatenation is no stronger than its weakest nexus. The most hard portion to manage is the nexus of the value concatenation that VSM does non command through ownership the retail merchants. The retail merchants have a critical function in the company s contact with the c lient. Any alteration in the preceding parts of the value concatenation will be filtered through this concluding nexus to the client. Therefore, VSM has put a batch of attempt and money into developing retail merchants and supplying them with support such as trade name particular memory board insides and subsidiary merchandises such as instructional pictures and forms. This procedure is ongoing, for both trade names. Customer dealingss are a resource that has to be managed by the company they can non be bought and they take clip and attempt to construct. In comparing, technology accomplishments are less dearly-won to develop. VSM s increased attempts in selling and client dealingss provide increasing hardiness ( ECS, subdivision 3.4.3 ) to their strategic capableness. The integrating of the retail merchants into the VSM administration is taken to its logical terminal in the instance of the confined store-in-store construct developed for the US market. Exclusive franchise in the Dea ler-Partner programme is besides a move towards increasing control of the retailing concern. The inquiry is will the constructs that have been be successful in the US besides be applicable to other markets, such as Europe and Asia? The transmutation of VSM from a product-orientated company to one of market orientation has merely started. From a Madchen fur alles application program all market sections, the aim is now to fulfill the selected client group. This is besides clear from the placement of the impudently acquired Pfaff trade name. The purpose is to construct a relationship with the client. A critical strategic issue is hence to increase the cognition about the targeted client group. The mark group is frequently described as middle-aged adult females with above mean fiscal resources. In VSM s corporate slang, the acronym LOMLOTs ( Lots Of Money, Lots Of Time ) seems to capture some of the indispensable features of this client section. The selling scheme is to do the client s think approximately run uping as an activity that makes good usage of their trim clip, all the piece recognizing Husqvarna Viking and Pfaff as the premium trade names for this activity. 288 Pearson Education Limited 2005Instructor s ManualBy 2003, the Pfaff line of machines had non been re-engineered automatically the basic engineering used is old Pfaff. However, with new theoretical accounts designed by VSM s ain applied scientists, integrating between the trade names will presumptively be more marked both in production and in R & A D. The inquiry is, will VSM be able to continue the differentiations between the trade names? There are many analogues that could be made to the auto industry on this issue, e.g. with the Volkswagen pudding stone. The selected scheme is dearly-won the debut of advanced merchandises and services is dearly-won. These costs have to be passed on to the consumers and the latest theoretical accounts retail for approximately $ 2000 to over $ 5000. Conse quently, the demand for volume may merely be satisfied by a planetary presence. Market incursion in the US is good and in Europe critical stairss are being taken to increase it ( the acquisition of Pfaff is one portion of this ) . However, the instance of Asia is more debatable. In 2001, the VSM Group established a little presence in Tokyo, Japan, but gross revenues are fringy. This may be considered an effort to turn organically but what other options are within range? Is the Asiatic market worth viing for or are resources better spent on consolidation and defense mechanics of VSM s nucleus markets?VSM s quest to create demand for originative sewing means that it has started transforming itself into a company offering more and more services ( after gross revenues, embellishment, run uping categories ) . The balance of the company is altering. The acquisition of Emnet and the quickly spread outing figure of package applied scientists underline the importance of a cognition base in calculating. The command for enlargement in instruction will besides coerce development of new competencies. In the words of one interviewee, the run uping machine in the hereafter may work as an ordinary printer , the of import portion being forms, instruction and inspiring magazines. Consequently, an enkindle strategic issue is how to equilibrate the traditional strength of the company, merchandise development, and the formation of competencies in information engineering and instruction. This is besides a inquiry of company individuality. Take one illustration. In interviews with the cardinal persons in the top direction squad, the figure of machines sold frequently surfaced during treatments on public presentation. The interviewees discussed the history every bit good as the hereafter in footings of gross revenues of hardware. The implicit in image was that the figure of machines was decisive for the success of the company, and direction should be focused on the relation betwee n produced machines and gross revenues of machines. The nexus between gross revenues, production and logistics was emphasised. However, in a market-orientated company with the purpose to construct durable relationships with the clients, the figure of machines is simply an index of how many client relationships are initiated. Rather, the end must be to make an administration that aims to increase client satisfaction, advancing a uninterrupted hard currency flow from each of these relationships. One possible scenario could e.g. be that VSM will sell its machines at a monetary value that is to a great extent subsidise and alternatively range profitableness through the gross revenues of forms and instruction. In this scenario, wholly new linkages between resources and competencies would be critical for the success of the company. Pearson Education Limited 2005Instructor s Manual6.7 How does the scheme of the VSM Group fit its strategic capableness with its environment? How did it alter ation from 1997 to 2003?A treatment of VSM s scheme and its development physiques on the interplay between strategic stretch and fit stretch in footings of considerations for bing resource places and tantrum in footings of constructing new resources to capture a place on the chosen merchandise market. In 1997, VSM already had several of import resources and competencies that served as the footing for the new scheme. First of all, VSM possessed an active R & A D section and an efficient production installation. It besides had a trade name name that was good regarded in most markets. However, its selling section chiefly supplied merchandise descriptions and run uping forms and was small involve in merchandise development. The market as a whole had been worsening for decennaries but the top section was healthy and VSM s merchandise line was corresponding to that of its rivals. Although the major histrions were endeavoring for distinction, most of them were featuring full merchandise ranges with similar characteristics on their theoretical accounts. VSM s strategic analysis suggested that concentrating on the more expensive designs ( computerised run uping machines with embroidery capacity ) would do sense in visible radiation of the altering sociocultural factors act uponing the possible clients for run uping machines. VSM s strong place in the US market likely influenced this decision well. Clearly, following a distinction scheme in footings of the system clock ( ECS, subdivision 5.3 ) , VSM seemed to travel clockwise towards a place of focussed distinction. The new top-of-the-line theoretical account Designer 1 was instrumental in accomplishing this end. However, accomplishing a function as market leader was non every bit simple as establishing a new superior merchandise and so merely bring forthing it it needed to make its clients. The sewing machine concern is dominated by little independent retail merchants, normally transporting several trade names. Con troling the selling attempts of the retail merchants was hence peculiarly of import when seeking to sell a merchandise at about duplicate the monetary value of any machine from the competition. Further, VSM s mission to make demand for its merchandises necessitated closer control of the communicating with its clients. To pull off the nexus between the production of run uping machines and the selling of run uping machines, VSM started an extended programme where independent retail merchants were invited to the Husqvarna works. On site, they toured the premises, sure preparation on the new theoretical accounts and information on VSM scheme. In add-on, VSM besides started to supply complete store insides and developing programmes for terminal users. It besides closed contracts with selected retail merchants to go sole traders of the Husqvarna Viking scope of merchandises. In exchange, these retail merchants received extended selling support.The scheme development procedure combines el ements of both stretch and tantrum. VSM s original resource place had a batch of influence on its new scheme and in this regard, we have a instance of strategic stretch . However, some of VSM s resources were non equal for this scheme. This was clear in relation to the selling maps of the value concatenation. In 1997, VSM has really small control over the selling activities move by its local traders. The value of proactive alterations earlier in the value concatenation hence jeopardize to be suboptimal since the possible benefits would non make its clients. Constructing this new resource ( i.e. pull offing the linkage between mixed parts of the value Pearson Education Limited 2005Instructor s Manualconcatenation ) was deemed necessary to capture the targeted place on the merchandise market. In add-on, VSM had unequal co-operation between the R & A D and selling sections. In an attempt to supercharge increased co-operation and communicating, the R & A D and selling sections were moved into the same edifice. Previously, the R & A D section had been located near to the production line. In this regard, the scheme development was a inquiry of tantrum. The purchase of Pfaff meant adding new resources similar to what already existed in the VSM Group. The Pfaff trade name was strong and perceived every bit high quality. But pull offing two planetary trade names needed clear boundary lines. The pick to see the Pfaff trade name as being on a par with the Husqvarna Viking trade name was in line with the corporate scheme. The distinction between the trade names is founded on the penetration that perceived value and monetary values are by far the lone dimensions on which we map strategic groups ( see ECS, subdivision 3.3 ) on the market for run uping machines. Turning to features of the clients instead than the merchandise itself enabled VSM to utilize the value of the trade names in footings of being perceived as technologically advanced and dependable, while provid ing for a larger client group in its market communicating. Adding the Pfaff trade name allowed the VSM Group to make new client groups without stretching the trade names excessively much. Again, similarities with the auto industry, e.g. Volkswagen, may be interesting to discourse. 6.8 The instance starts with the reaching of the new CEO. What function did Mr.Runnquist drama in the transmutation of the company? How of import is he for the hereafter of the company? The strategic leading of the new CEO Svante Runnquist has several of import facets and many of the techniques can be readily recognised in ECS, chapter 10. Collaboration, instruction and communicating, intercession and way are all portion of the CEO method to enable alteration and construct committedness. First of wholly, the window of chance for him was at that place the company had been sold and the CEO was freshly on the occupation. Furthermore, the new proprietor Industri Kapital had evince demands on profitableness, s o there was a touchable external force per unit area sensed by the administration. Finally, he seemed to be the right individual in the right place , coming to a production-oriented house which severely needed to upgrade the selling competency.The first thing Svante Runnquist did was to get down the development of a new mission statement and a scheme papers. Hitherto, the company had chiefly used activity programs to atomic number 82 the short tally operations but no catching mission statement existed for either internal or external usage. The scheme procedure had some of import characteristics. First of wholly, representatives from selling, R & A D, production and finance were all included in the top direction squad working on the paperss. Second, middle(a) direction had to take part in the reappraisal and farther development of the scheme paperss. This made for committedness to subsequently phases. Third, the scheme as a procedure was emphasised by doing the scheme development i n the top direction squad an on-going activity. The simple visual aspect of the stapled scheme underlined that this was non cast in rock. Pearson Education Limited 2005Instructor s ManualWhy was Svante Runnquist successful in his attempts to advance market orientation in the company? Given that the fortunes were favorable, the persuasive rhetoric of Svante Runnquist surely played a portion. The proactive orientation of the scheme was met with some mental rejection among in-between direction since more urgent affairs seemed to exceed their docket. To counter this, Svante Runnquist illustrated the demand for alteration utilizing illustrations or narratives from other industries that had been capable to unforeseen alteration or reorganization. The demand to concentrate on the traders was illustrated by an in-house version of the value concatenation ( dubbed The Viking client staircase ) . It clearly illustrated that the traders and VSM were portion of the same value concatenation, tha t it was merely the trader that really met the clients and that the lone beginning of income for the value was the concluding client.6.9 At two points in clip, the CEO of the VSM Group opens up a wide treatment on the strategic issues. What issues are discussed and why does he affect a larger group of the administration on these issues?In this instance, corporate-wide treatments on strategic issues are initiated at two points in clip. In 1997, the crafting of the original mission statement was discussed from top direction down to the store floor. Subsequently in 2000, the integrating of the Pfaff trade name line brought about a similar procedure. Albeit express to a smaller circuit of people than in 1997, the procedure still involved people good outside the top direction squad. From interviews with the Chief executive officer it is evident that the aim was to derive genuineness for the scheme. The issues discussed in both these procedures were really much related to corporate indi viduality the mission statement is theorize in footings of company features and who we are . The 2nd case of unfastened treatment on a strategic issue was initiated in relation to the Pfaff purchase. The integrating of the Pfaff trade name into the VSM Group was besides more a inquiry about corporate individuality. The image and feel of the new trade name and associated merchandise lines had to be discussed in relation to the bing Husqvarna Viking trade name and what the people working on it were approximately. Both these procedures seem to be sincere efforts to affect people of the administration in something that finally concerned their professional individuality. However, one cadence these procedures were closed through formal determinations, the CEO smartly argued for their execution. You need to stand on the barricades , as Svante Runnquist expressed it. It is interesting to contrast other strategic determinations to these really unfastened procedures. The determination to b uy Pfaff was purely an military issue between the proprietors of the VSM Group and the top direction squad. The same goes for the purchase of the Brno works. The deficiency of a wider procedure nigh these really of import determinations suggests that direction respect these issues as following instead than explicating scheme.

Evaluation of Hmv

TABLE OF CONTENT 1. Tasks Allocation3 2. Company Web Site (hmv. com. hk)3 3. commerce baffle and Value Proposition3 4. Evaluation Framework4 4. 1. Context4 4. 2. Content7 4. 3. Community9 4. 4. Customization12 4. 5. Communication15 4. 6. Connection17 4. 7. barter19 5. Fit and Reinforcement23 6. Competitor Comparison24 7. cite List24 1.Tasks Allocation Business Model, Competitor Comparison, Framework figure of speech Evaluations of Customization, Communication, Fit and Reinforcement Evaluations of Community Evaluations of Connection and Commerce 2. Company Web Site (hmv. com. hk) HMV is a British globose entertainment retailer. The retail shops ar selling medical specialty, videos, games and entertainment accessories. The HMV Web spots started in 1997 and pull up s leavesd the online selling and delivering services. 3. Business Model and Value Proposition HMVs online service is a Business-to-Customer (B2C). It has been provided the contrasting services as selling, d elivering and win over at retails industry.To enable competitive advantage ( date value proposition), the calling model of Bricks and Clicks is performed by HMV which integrates both offline (bricks) and online (clicks) presences and the services ar available 24 hours a day for all countries. HMV specializes in both somatogenic and digital crossroads on music, video, games and entertainments accessories. 4. Evaluation Framework The evaluation of hmv. com. k will be establish on 7Cs framework, including context, content, community, customization, communication, connection and commerce. Each of the 7Cs will be evaluated individually and how HMV use it to fit its business model and value proposition and we as well look into whether consistency exists among the 7Cs. 4. 1. Context 4. 1. 1. Pros Targeted website www. hmv. com. hk has used black and take aback pink as the theme color throughout the site. It is consistent with brand image and banner of HMV.It matches the figur e of HMV, which is shown HMV is a trendy and fashionable CD warehouse to their target clients such(prenominal) as teenager, the middle line and the working(a) populate. From the functionality aspect, HMV uses tab menu as navigation tool on the pass by of the scalawag to set out its ware or service catalogs, so it enables drug users to move easily back and forth between unlike catalogs without clicking back barelyton. Moreover, the design of the website has taken into consideration of opposite language requirement including English, Traditional Chinese and remove Chinese. The specific language environment erect be easily changed by users.Moreover, HMV uses consistent image layout and packaging data, which helps guest to easily identify required mathematical products. It also presents the late release products in HMV, catalyzed by the lineament of product, such as new release of music and movies. And the special study that included the weekly top 10 gross revenue ranking of product and the special offer of HMV is infinited in the remaining run side and right hand side of the main page. This design approach leaves customer notify limit the important information, as known as the newest product is on sales in HMV recently in the center of the main page.On the other hand, the sales ranking and special offer information has put into left and right hand side in the page, when customer would like to know to a greater extent intimately the sales information of HMV. The context of HMV fits its value proposition by employ user-friendly tab menu which make users easily access the information and multi-language web interfaces. pic 4. 1. 2. Cons As a customers experience, an advertisement banner in the main page is quite aggravator, because it started to play the forwarding movie clip automatically. It does not provide any visible interface to let customer to pause or slow the promotion movie.Sometimes, customer will not prefer to see the adver tisement, when the page is loading with the big pack sound. pic 4. 1. 3. Recommendation To turn away inconvenient cause to customer on the advertisement, it is recommended to HMV that try to provide a movie interface as good as customers faeces play the promotion movie clip by themselves or mute the movie clip as default movie playing setting after the main page is loaded. 4. 2. Content 4. 2. 1. Pros First of all, www. hmv. com. k is a force store which is selling physical products. It faecal matter be seen in the clear catalog and the sub-catalog in the top of each page. This catalog has divided HMVs product into different type, such as music, dvd, blue-ray, games and so on. Thitherfore, it can be seen that HMV is a Mega specialty store which is provide multimedia to its customer. pic When customers click to the catalog and find his or her product that want to buy, HMV has listed the information of the product such as the price, the artist of the product, track list of the p roduct and other products that relate to the selected product.Through the information listed, customer can understand the detail of the product and the related products. As a result, the content of HMV fits its value proposition by providing sufficient information which move consumers close to purchase, because of much awareness. pic 4. 2. 2. Cons In the product information, al iodin text and graphic information are provided to the customers review. As media warehouse, HMV does not provide more information such as promotion music clips or promotion video to its products. 4. 2. 3. RecommendationIt is recommended HMV to use more multimedia to facilitate HMV to have customer to understand the product of HMV such as promotion music clips or promotion video to its product. 4. 3. Community 4. 3. 1. Pros The HMV does not have a community for users on its own websites. The strategy of HMV is exploitation hyper relate, connected to social networks. For example, Facebook, Tweeter and Yo uTube are integrated in HMV site to provide information slightly latest products and discount, creates topics for iscussion and answer users questions through these social networks. For these parts, HMV can function as advertisement and customer service. pic Information somewhat latest products Moreover, customers not only collect information passively, but also create topics and plan activities of arouse to others. Apparently the degree of member participation is high and on that point are more user-to-user communications on these websites especially Tweeter and Facebook. Customer Service While micro blog and social network are enough more and more popular, it is reasonable that HMV mainly emphasizes on these websites.There is no need to create new sites, so the cost can be lower. And because micro blog and social network have millions of users, using those platforms to do advertisement and contact with customers are quite effective. Actually, micro blog and social network ca n be genuinely useful tools for promoting for ein truth B2C company. As a result, the community of HMV can fit its business model, because they are effectively using external resource systems such as Facebook and Twitter to enable online HMV community and global communications. 4. 3. 2. ConsAfter browsing lots of products on HMV, we found that although, at that place is customer review section for each product behind the product introduction, only a hardly a(prenominal) customers do the rating and hardly find customer reviews. Lack of comments, rating or references can influence customer purchase decision. As a consumer aspect, when buy a certain product on HMV site, they might interest other peoples opinions for the references. 4. 3. 3. Recommendations Considering very few people write the customer review, there are three tributes for HMV.Firstly, in tell to grow the audiences, HMV can hand over its blog to various search engines such as Google and Yahoo for making user atte ntions. Secondly, HMV can also build a music blog community for its fans to encourage them to leave comments for making more synergetic communications. This kind of communications might help to grow HMVs audience and generate the customer reviews. The kick the bucket suggestion is that the specific offer, discount or coupon can be provided by HMV, when writing a number of customer reviews by visitors. 4. 4.Customization 4. 4. 1. Pros Log-in Registration After log-in registration, users can access person-to-person account details that contain in-person information, payment method, wish list and state history, so that the users can be able to manage their personal HMV profile. Cookies The own of cookies is enabled by HMV to track our ring during site visit. For the my basket, the shopping items can be recorded by the users and saved by clicking extend to basket button.The feature of My Basket also helps to provide personalise shopping basket to store the interested items, b efore playing business transaction. Content Personalization HMV offers the features of content personalization by using wish list. For the wish list, it provides tractableness to allow users to specify their personal preferences and provides the way to keep track of products we may want to purchase at a later date. Moreover, the users can receive emails rough sale promotions, based on a personal wish list.Even though, the HMVs unique customization tools try to a fit with its position as an innovative online music shop, we found that there are whatever customization features, company policies which should be improved with the following details. 4. 4. 2. Cons The web site provides some customization features such as personalized content and cookies, but there are four flunk points. First of all, HMV does not offer notification features to notify the consumers about the upcoming releases of our favorite singer.Secondly, HMV does not take responsible for any loss of privacy, discl osure or information with its web-site, this might cause negative band image for the users. Thirdly, HMV offers very limited content personalization in this stage, so that the users might not pay more attentions in their products or services. The last weakness point is that HMV does not offer the feature for reviewing visited products. 4. 4. 3. Recommendations There are limited customization features provided in HMV site.The recommendations are that HMV should consider to make sufficient privacy insurance for protecting consumers, in order to build the positive band image. Although, the feature of cookies has been enabled for My basket, this feature should be improved, so that they can track and gather data and then return corresponding visited items, called browsing history. Moreover, the feature of product notification for upcoming releases of our favorite products should be provided to enhance competitive advantage. The last recommendation is about personalized contents, in order to share individual user needs and driving consumer behavior.According to the study 2008 ChoiceStream Personalization Survey, there are 78% of consumers interested in receiving personalized content and 71% of consumers also believe that personalization can improve their experience X. Therefore, both implicit data and explicit data should be used in HMV site to provide customized experience for online shopping, called tailoring by sites. Implicit data should be generated by the user who choose to view the products by clicking on relevant links. Explicit data is provided by user X.For example, recommendation list should be generated by HMV site to display similar category of products, based on your previous(prenominal) shopping records. 4. 5. Communication The overall communication of the website is good. It provides many communication channels, including email enquiry, FAQ, Phone, Facebook. Some of the Pros and Cons are listed downstairs 4. 5. 1. Pros e-Mail Newsletters & Conte nt-Update Reminders The feature of Newsletter is an example of broadcast communications. The newsletters are sent via e-mail to inform subscribers about sale promotions or specific offers.Customers can choose either subscribe or unsubscribe newsletter at their discretion under Communication Preferences menu. Beside, the website also provides email alarm for new products and News Information broadcast, based on purchase history. As a result, customers can receive latest information via these channels. Moreover, personalized e-mail content is another type of one way information exchange from HMV to users, called Content-Update Reminders. The e-mail content is tailor by HMV to reflect each users interests, based on wish list, so that the users from time to time to receive emails from HMV about sales promotions.Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) The HMV site provides the list of questions and answers to support all commonly asked questions, called broadcast communication. It is very usef ul for users to know how to use HMVs web services such as configuration of cookie and checking order status, when they do online shopping. Innovative communication channels via Facebook The feature of Facebook as social networking service is embedded in HMV site. It is an example of one-to-many, responding user. Users can share their comments regarding their experiences and respond. . 5. 2. Cons The customer service is not convenience, because the HMV does not offer the Live service support for 24 hrs. In modern life style, most customers go online shopping after working hours. Beside, the scope of FAQ session is insufficient as it only forces the basic questions. 4. 5. 3. Recommendations The service of 24 hrs Live friend should be provided by HMV for supporting time zone difference and providing quick response to consumers, by using read-time chat system, like pic to provide the one-to-one personal Live communicational channel.Moreover, the website should enhance the FAQ session for the overall operations instead of providing the FAQ for the basic enquires only. 4. 6. Connection 4. 6. 1. Overview The degree of target website HMV links to other website is low. In order to make a better understanding of the connection part, a similar online CD warehouse, Yesasia, is selected to compare with HMV pic brute on the table above, it can be seen that HMV performs better than Yesasia.HMV has a better Google index pages and inbound links ranking, along with the Alexa ranking. But shows a little bit lower in Alexa inbound links. 4. 6. 2. Pros First of all, lesser external link may give customers the image that the company is professional. Consumers can far away from annoying advertisement. On the other hand, external link may generate some extra profit. The link here provides some latest information relating to the website. Therefore, the tube from HMV can provide the customers with information about the fresh new goods. . 6. 3. Cons Although HMV has few external li nks, the link may not achieve customer expectation and the profit generated by this link might be low. Moreover, as HMV is mainly deal with the audios and games, which update very rapidly, so customers would more willing to have some links on introducing the latest information or selling some related products. 4. 6. 4. Recommendations As mentioned in overview, HMV need to lift the Alexa Inbound Links ranking. There are few suggestions that recommend to HMV.It can be delivered messages or published articles on the popular BBSs or Blogs linking to its own website and add the index link. Or it can exchange links with some related or similar website. 4. 7. Commerce 4. 7. 1. Overview This website has most of the basic features of customer interface that support the aspects of trading transactions. 4. 7. 2. Pros Registration For the registration, the most impressive liaison is Individuation. When registering, the website will record consumers preferences if permitted.Then it will email the information of the goods to the consumers according to their preferences. pic For the Shopping part, one very useful column is sales ranking. It is a good promotional way to attract customers and guide consumption. When I have no idea to buy what kind of staff, or Im confused with which CD is good, it will be quite useful, like a shopping guide. Security Security gives an impression of convenience. not like the general security methods by which customers need to install different kinds of digital certificates or USB key, HMV co curbs with thawte.Only one single click can achieve verification. It is convenient for the customers to a great extent. Besides, Thawte provided a security policy that guarantees all transactions inside HMV are trusted via security channel by using SSL authentication. Additionally, there is a guideline for customers to identify the site is safety while it has the Thawte Trusted Site Seal. pic 4. 7. 3. Cons Even though, HMV considers customization in regi stration, some negative user experiences also appear while using HMV registration interface.For instance, customers have to change their privacy settings in browser to allow the website to track the shopping cart and account details during visit, but most customers may not be willing to do so. pic Moreover, only one address can be stored. Usually, customer will have at least two addresses which are used for different purposes or at different times. So every time when customers want to ship items to a different address, they have to manually fill in the different address rather than choose one from the address lists. The function of shopping cart is very important in customer interface.However, it is not that 100% satisfaction. Whenever adding a product to shopping cart, the page will skip to the cart page. It is not convenient when customers want to go by shopping other items. Whats more, no recent history will be demonstrated about the items viewed by the customers. If the product is deleted by human mistake, customers have to go back to the original page and place the order again. 4. 7. 4. Recommendations In the registration module, information about more addresses and contact persons can be stored in the customer information.Shopping online is convenient but receiving packages sometimes could be a problem. So adding more information about delivery addresses and contact persons is necessary. Shopping cart could be more user-friendly. For instance, the deleted items can be recovered. It can operate as follows pic Apart from that, what customers have to add to shopping cart can be stored in annex and when they finish shopping, they can pay through their baskets. Furthermore, HMV can adopt one click shopping innovation which allow customers to make online shopping through one single click, likepic.It is a good way to modify purchase work flow. 5. Fit and Reinforcement Communication is reinforced by customization (wish list) Commerce is reinforced by perso nalization Community is reinforced by communication (Lecture Note p. 58) Content is reinforced by customization HMV provides user-friendly customer interface to fit its business model for creating positive experiences and brand-building which make users close to purchase. 6. Competitor Comparison 7. Reference List X ChoiceStream, Inc. Choicestream personalization survey. Research brief, 2008, pp 2-4. X Rayport, J. F and Jaworski, B. J. , e-Commerce, McGraw 2001. pp 113-165. X Probert, J. , Personalization In Digital Business, 2010, pp 1-2. END